John Spencer-Churchill and
Gwendoline Bertie
Family Tree
This website contains my family tree in an excel file and separate pages with region specific royal and princely dynasties from which my family is descended or demonstrably related. This page contains three files: a family tree, a list of battles in which my family fought, and a list of the universities they founded.
In November of 2018, my father took a DNA test at ancestry.com in order to learn about his Schofield antecedants. He instead made contact with new cousins and discovered that my grandfather was in fact Henry Winston Peregrine Spencer-Churchill, son of John Spencer-Churchill and Gwendoline Bertie. My wife, a month earlier, while watching library videos of the Churchills, had serendipitously noticed the family resemblance, and a brother of mine was already aware of the family rumours of a link in 2012. Frankly, to me, despite the stark DNA evidence, my father looked much more like his step-father. As well, I find myself constantly reverting to formative values and guiding family anecdotes of my original Schofield family.
That same night I embarked on wikipedia to build a quick family tree, which I suspected would take me 3 or 4 hours. I had previously assembled the records of 100 of my maternal Hungarian relatives, and my father had traveled even, to identify 60 of his maternal English and assumed Schofield family, over the previous 15 years. That night did not end. After exhausting 6,700 ancestors on wikipedia, I then embarked on peerage.com, geni.com and other sites, and after two and half years, by 2021, I had identified 60,000+ direct ancestors (the file actually exceeds 75,000, but these include difficult to distinguish duplications), with expectations that my ultimate total number would exceed 100,000. I cannot conceal my impression that this number of known ancestors is inconceivable and seemingly absurd, but the family tree file has been included for examination and falsification (posted to the top right of this page). In 2023 I determined through hypothesis testing that Johny Spencer-Churchill's father was not Randolph Spencer-Churchill, but Evelyn Boscawen of Cornwall, a confirmation of a claim made in the 1930s by Jennie's sister.
I started out interested in genealogy as a substitute for religion (as I was virtually born an atheist) and so went the direction of ancestor worship. I had in fact asked my father, on his retirement in the 1990s, to address the issue of our family origins, which were largely unknown. Like many people, I thought I could derive meaning from discovering my origins, but instead was cursed with a bottomless pit, that I did not have the time to fully explore (it takes a day to add 250 individuals, so 60,000 ancestors would be 240 days of work). Furthermore, the sheer number of people revealed by the process does reduce sophisticated individuals and families, who clearly had successful survival and reproductive strategies, to nearly-anonymous nodes on an excel sheet (I don't have time to appreciate their biographies). I discovered that ancestor worship only preserves its authoritative religious function when you don't really know who your ancestors were. The pious filial Chinese practice of worshipping a paternal great grand-parent in a small shrine in the corner of one's home, only retains its mystical value if one does not actually know the person or their thousands of antecedents. While on the one-hand it is important to recall the difficult life all of our ancestors led, which successfully brought us here, including generations of hard work and overcoming instances of extreme hardship, some of our ancestors were thick, lazy and uncommendable. The religious preoccupation, ever seeking a mystery analogous to our lives, has since drifted me from my tracing relatives, to a focus on haplogroup-anthropology and the deeper mysteries of our origins as a species.
As a military history enthusiast, I quickly came across familiar names. When I had assembled the names by dynasty, which forms the bulk of this website, I could see that the Bertie and Dormer families in particular were the makers of European, and by extension, world history. Whereas the Spencer-Churchills have about 6,000 ancestors, of which 2,000 appear on wikipedia, the Dormers have at least 26,000 ancestors, and still counting.
I created this for my children, niece and nephew and cousins, so that they can easily explore their origins (as well as to annoy some of my students into searching for their own genealogies). It is not intended to create arrogance. However, I have seen too many similarities in preference and behavior across generations to attribute everything to learning. At the same time, a family tree of so many people does remind me that all humans can be described as cousins of all other humans, without exception. Were it not for the fact that almost all people forget who their sixteen great-great grandparents were, our common appearance alone would remind us that all people are from the same family. 75,000 years ago, the great Toba volcanic eruption in central Sumatra reduced the homo sapiens sapiens down to a genetic bottleneck of between 10,000 and as few as 900 individuals in East Africa. This is the smallest identifiable group from which modern humans descend, excepting the Neanderthal, Denisovan and ghost species of West Africa.
I am hoping the discrete block of DNA that compelled me to do this will resurface somewhere in my extended family and develop this further.
The family names associated within four generations of the family tree posted here include Lim, Liauw, Ong, Munn, Gombos, Szakony, Tomory, Muranyi, Pscherer, Schopper, Zakarias, Bokross, Munn, Leggett, Frossell, Moorman, Russell, Dyer, Mileham, Bennett, Turner, Wooton, Jerome, Wilcox, Baker, Bertie, Dormer.
Family Tree
Color Cell Legends for Family Tree:
Purple: linked to an identical cell elsewhere in the family tree
Red: work in progress
Color Text Legend for Dynastic Files:
Direct Descent
Cousin (shared descent from an identified common ancestor)
Cousin (shared descent from an unknown common ancestor)
No Link
The posted family tree is intended to be a valid account of the family ancestors. It aims to be be transparent, and I therefore invite criticism. It is also intended to be accessible, so I have hypertexted each person node with their internet source. As an excel file, it is easily edited.
It makes use of a number of resources:
wikipedia: most useful for high-status individuals, most transparent source, but is not a genealogy site and therefore does not record most nobility or commoners.
thepeerage.com: most useful for lower order nobility, but does contain errors revealed by peer review in wikipedia, particularly in descents from antiquity and false claims of illegitimate descent (particularly from the Stewart Dynasty). Darryl Lundy's epic labour of love.
geni.com: useful for non-royal and non-high noble individuals. Most of my family tree, and almost all of my non-noble family, are identified through this site. Unfortunately, because it is a public enterprise created through self-reporting, it is error prone, and has a limited peer review process, as compared with ancestry.com, where there is a lot more collective policing. This is in part because of ancestry.com being a documents-driven process, and the various built-in impediments against family trees that predate AD 1500. Many of geni.com's entries brazenly contradict wikipedia, and build links, without evidence, upon thepeerage.com stubs. While some links are well researched, particularly Western Europe post AD 1600, most of it is not corroborated. For example, Genghis Khan, Tamerlane, and even Adam and Eve find their way into most European royal genealogies, and the nodes where they do, clearly contradict wikipedia.
gw.geneanet.org: useful for non-English European nobility, particularly France and Italy. Was used to trace the Italian families of the Orsinis, Sforzas, Viscontis and Medicis.
www.genealogieonline.nl: useful for non-English European nobility, particularly Germany. Was used to trace the Metternich and Bismarck families.
famouskin.com: useful for residual linking of high status individuals, but not a transparent or corroborated data base. Used to trace the Presidents of the United States.
Paul Theroff's Royal Genealogy Site: beautiful to browse.
Genealogie Della Famiglie Nobili Italiane: useful to corroborate the Italian lines. Davide Shamà 's exhaustive project.
Family Tree Observations
1. There was remarkable intra-European mobility in the noble elite,
controlled at its apex by Salian Frankish and Norse nobility, which
dominated marriages with Spain, Italy, Central and Eastern Europe, and
Byzantium. Europe had a single overarching identity as Christendom, which was shattered by the 30 Years War, and led to the nonsensical nationalist violence of the 19th and 20th centuries based on artificial divisions of language.
2. The general outline of the status decline of my family begins in Europe with the defeat of the crusades, which ended the broadest practices of inter-marriage among the European aristocracy. This absence of an outlet led to the 100 Years' War between England and France, and England's defeat and further isolation led to the War of the Roses and serious weakening of the British aristocracy. The subsequent reformation and rise of nationalism severed inter-marriage except among the highest royalty. This family descended from Henry VII into the higher aristocracy, and then descended into the lowest aristocracy by the end of the nineteenth century. This phenomenon restored meritocracy to governance and is likely both a consequence and cause of Europe's subsequent development.
3. Royalty was remarkably inter-related, so that being descended from a member of the royalty from AD 1400 and on meant a high likelihood to a descent from nearly every other national monarchy in Europe. Monarchies were mostly ethnically pan-European.
4. Organizations that are meritocratic are less likely to be nepotistic, and therefore have fewer successors that are related. This applies to the military orders (Templar, Teutonic, and Hospitaliers), moreso the Patriarchate than the Papacy, the Byzantine emperors, the Doges, and the Crusader states of the Near East.
5.
80% of the individuals in the family tree are before AD 1400, which
makes sense given the exponential increase in members as every
generation doubles the number of ancestors (2^n).
6.
Noble women of the early middle ages re-married frequently, and inherited and passed on names and titles. Wives
tended to be identified by their association with their father. Females
were generally more likely to engage in serial monogamy before the early middle ages.
7. Ancestors have died by plague, small-pox, measles, tournament deaths, duels, wild boar, falling off horses, attacked by an angry mob, drowned during battle, a great many beheadings, hangings at the Tower of London, stoning, flaying, hunting accident, many assassinations, skinned alive, burned to death in their house, murdered by brother during a dispute, a Scottish queen leading her soldiers in battle, a witch burned to death in England, a possibly accidental mass family poisoning, death by drinking a cold drink on a hot day, a Swedish king killed in a landslide, the Hungarian King Bela killed by his throne falling on him, James II was killed by his exploding canon, a Viking woman died by trial by ordeal, killed under a collapsed wall during coronation of Pope Clement V, and in 1190, one of our ancestors died receiving liposuction in preparation for the crusades. In 1893, the chief of the Madras Army, was mauled by a tiger. One relative fell in a river and was saved by a passing clown.
8. Some sources indicate that George Washington and his wife suffered infertility due to tuberculosis. The family tree file contains a display of his antecedent relatives and their descendants (linked to the Spencers, his cousins), which clearly shows that his whole family suffered a congenital reproductive impediment. For generations, nearly all of his cousins had little reproductive success.
Battles
The file lists battles in which cousins or ancestors played a major leadership role.
A select number of battles inflicted a great number of ancestral deaths. Five ancestors were killed on both sides of the battle of Hastings in 1066. Two Scottish and six English ancestors were killed at the battle of Bannockburn in 1314. Three French ancestors were killed at the battle of Crecy in 1346. Six Scottish and one English ancestor were killed at the battle of Durham (Neville's Cross), also in 1346. Three French and two English ancestors were killed at Agincourt in 1415. At the battle of Flodden in 1513, two English, and a spectacular fifty-one Scottish ancestors were killed (including our ancestor King James IV of Scotland). Another seven Scottish ancestors were killed at the battle of Pinkie in 1547. Some French ancestors that died at Crecy, had their son killed at Agincourt, and the same applies to Scots who fought at Flodden and their sons at Pinkie. There were instances of both father and son dying at Flodden, as well as fathers fleeing before the battle at Flodden to save the family. In general, these deaths did not affect lineage since children were had very early and were raised by surviving family members. The implication here is that soldiers should overwhelmingly be fathers of children rather than unmarried young men.
The irony is that a great many battles involve ancestors fighting on both sides. These include Clontarf, most of the battles involving the Hungarians, Scots and Irish. This family is directly descended from William, Harold and Harold Hardrada, who fought each other in 1066, culminating in Hastings. Quoting Basil Fawlty, "What is the point...I mean what is the point..." of fighting in a battle against the parents of your future son or daughter-in-law? The central point of the Bhagavad Gita was an answer to this, and it was to do your duty.
Famous Ancestors:
Merovech of the Salien Franks 411-458
Theodoric the Great of the Ostrogoths 454-526
Wacho King of the Lombards -539
Arnulf of Metz 582-640
Charles Martel 688-741
Armenian King at Ani, Ashot III Bagratuni 690-762
Charlemagne 748-814
Almos, Magyar Chieftain 820-895
Rurik 830-879
Alfred the Great 847-899
Rollo 860-932
Byzantine Emperor Romanos I Lekapenos 870-948
Harold Bluetooth -958
Aymon Bourbon, founder of the Bourbon Dynasty -959
Hugh Capet 939-996
Brian Boru 941-1014
Radbot, founder of the Hapsburg Dynasty 985-1045
Lady Godiva 1004-1055
Friedrich, founder of the Hohenzollern Dynasty 1010-1097
William the Conqueror 1028-1087
El Cid 1043-1099
Yuri Dolgorukiy 1099-1157
Barbarossa 1122-1190
Eleanor of Aquitaine 1122-1204
Llewellyn the Great of Wales 1173-1240
Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos 1259-1332
Robert the Bruce 1274-1329
Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV 1282-1347
John of Gaunt 1340-1388
French King Charles VI 1368-1422
English King Henry VII 1457-1509
Scottish King James IV 1473-1513
Samuel Fuller, Mayflower Passenger 1588-1633
Duke of Marlborough 1650-1722
General Thomas Gage, victor at Bunker Hill 1718-1787
Father of St.Istvan of Hungary 975-1038
Father of Pope Leo IX 1002-1054
Father of Guy of Lusignan 1150-1194
Father of the Black Prince 1330-1376
Father of Richard Neville, Kingmaker, 1428-1471
Father of Henry VIII 1491-1547
Father of Anne Boleyn 1501-1536
Father of Robert Stewart, Castlereagh 1769-1822
Grandfather of MacBeth 1005-1057
Grandfather of Henry V 1386-1422
Grandfather of Jane Seymour 1508-1537
Grandfather of Elizabeth I of England 1533-1603
Grandfather of Mary Queen of Scots 1542-1587
Grandfather of Oliver Cromwell 1599-1658
Cousins (traced common ancestor):
Abd ar-Rahman III of Andalus 889-961
Henrique of Portugal (The Navigator) 1394-1460
Vlad the Impaler "Dracula" 1428-1476
Ludovico Maria Sforza 1452-1508
Francisco Pizarro Gonzalez 1478-1541
Ferdinand Magellan 1480-1521
Martin Luther 1483-1546
Hernan Cortes 1485-1547
Alessandro de Medici 1510-1537
Ivan the Terrible 1530-1584
Mary Queen of Scots 1542-1587
Cardinal Richelieu 1548-1590
Gustavus Adolphus 1594-1632
Maria de Medici Queen of France 1575-1642
Viscount de Turenne, French General 1611-1675
Prince of Condé, French General 1621-1686
Louis XIV 1638-1715
Eugene of Savoy 1663-1736
William Pitt the Elder 1708-1778
Frederick the Great 1712-1786
Bonnie Prince Charlie 1720-1788
George Washington 1732-1799
John Jervis Earl St Vincent 1735-1823
Charles Cornwallis 1738-1805
Thomas Jefferson 1743-1826
James Madison 1751-1836
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand 1754-1838
Horatio Nelson 1758-1805
William Pitt the Younger 1759-1806
1st Duke of Wellington 1769-1852
Charles Darwin 1809-1882
Klemens von Metternich 1773-1869
Napoleon Francis J. Charles 1811-1832, son of Napoleon Bonaparte
Otto von Bismarck 1815-1898
Queen Victoria 1819-1901
Susan B. Anthony 1820-1906
Ulysses S. Grant 1822-1885
Ludwig II of Bavaria The Neuschwanstein 1845-1886
Paul von Hindenburg 1847-1934
Kaiser Wilhelm II 1859-1941
Archduke Franz Ferdinand Sarajevo 1863-1914
Erich von Ludendorff 1865-1937
Tsar Nicholas 1868-1918
General Douglas MacArthur 1880-1964
Paul Emil von Lettow-Vorbeck 1870-1964
Franklin Delano Roosevelt 1882-1945
Bernard Montgomery 1887-1976
T.E. Lawrence of Arabia 1888-1935
Erwin Rommel 1891-1845
Manfred von Richthofen (The Red Baron) 1892-1918
Richard Nixon 1913-1994
King Harald V of Norway 1937-
Queen Margrethe II of Denmark 1940-
Prince Hans-Adam II of Liechenstein 1945-
King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden 1946-
Prince Albert of Monaco 1958-
King Willem Alexander of the Netherlands 1967-
Family Trees Linked through distant Marriage:
Brunhild 543-613
The Prophet Muhammad 570-632
Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa ibn Nusayr 1st Governor of Al-Andalus -716
Abu Bakr 1st Caliph 661-750
Uthman ibn Affan 3rd Caliph 579-656
Ali ibn Abi Talib 4th Caliph 601-661
Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib 5th Caliph 624-670
Al-Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib 3rd Shia Imam 626-680
1st to 14th Umayyad Caliphs 597-750
Abbasid Caliphs
Cosimo the Elder de Medici 1434-1464
Lorenzo The Magnificent de Medici 1469-1492
Jacques Cartier 1491-1557 (through his wife)
Napoleon Bonaparte 1769-1821
Napoleon III of France 1808-1873
Contact:
Julian Spencer-Churchill
julian.spencer-churchill@videotron.ca
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